Key Points

● The covid-19 pandemic fundamentally changed EM.

● Actual attrition rate of EM physicians closer to 5-10%.

● We have seen incomplete recovery from the pandemic with increased volatility, increased crowding and an increase in patients that leave without treatment.

● Future predictions: demand drivers are unlikely to change although may see further siphoning of low acuity private patients, shortages of EM physicians are already emerging, and more pandemics are possible leading to increased volatility and uncertainty. May see expansion of alternative payment models such as global budgets.